Water Street Mills On Labor Day 2011

Water Street in Holyoke has looked the same since about 1875, that is until this spring. With very little fanfare or effort by preservationists several Victorian paper mills are succumbing to the wrecking ball. The mills are dying a slow and prolonged death as salvage men pick them bare for anything valuable. Soon weeds and brush will consume the lots. By next year for the first time since President Grant, the street will be nearly devoid of structures.

Today was Labor Day, and I met my photographer friends Robert and Gene. We went down to the mills to shoot what we could. We were having a productive time shooting until chased away by workers. I can not speak to their photographic vision, but to me this is not “Old Building Porn,” as some have called it. Yes, it is morbid curiosity to photograph these buildings, but all too often we forget these buildings used to be alive.
They once whirled and clacked with the sounds of machinery. Young girls stood amongst rags bleaching them and running machines that mashed the rags into pulp. Men ran the machinery turning cotton pulp into fine writing papers. Hundreds crossed a foot bridge across the canal every day and worked harder than most 21st century people can imagine. Filled with machinery and people, these buildings were truly alive.

It was the the 60′s and 70′s when these buildings started to die their slow deaths. The machinery fell silent one mill at a time. Some of them struggled on as warehouse spaces. They survived the massive fires of the late 70′s. Other small industries came and went, occasionally filling them with life once again… It was never the same. They eventually sat abandon, neglected, almost all memories of their life erased. Decay took its toll and a long processes of demolishing by neglect began. They sat there like American ruins. Towers adorning them like castles, awaiting their rescue. It never came.

I will make sure to have images up from the shoot sooner than later. I also hope to go back and find the construction foreman so I don’t get chased away again. You can see some photos of Water Street from about 2001-2006 in my portfolios on the website.

Welcome Statement.

5x7 View Camera

My Korona 5x7/4x5 camera.

Welcome to the latest incarnation of my photography website. This is something new, not just a web based portfolio but a living entity. I have set it up to be a blog style website. I’ll be able to add and subtract images much easier. I can also add blog entries and captions much easier. So this is just the start! Check back often, comment often, and lets see where this new website leads us!

The Cyanotype Project

Metal Tower

Metal Tower by Lyam Street Bridge

Why a collection of cyanotypes of the City of Holyoke and the surrounding areas? It is a question I have been trying to put into words for several days now. On the surface the answer could be simple – most of my photography is of Holyoke and I have been experimenting with the process on and off for
several years now. That answer is superficial, however, and so I will describe why I like this process and why I think it fits this city so well.

I like working with a photographic technology that has changed very little in decades. Using large format cameras requires much more contemplation than a modern “Point and Shoot” digital camera. With a point and shoot camera you simply aim and shoot off a dozen or so images, in hopes that one turns out presentable. With a large format camera, one must take their time composing under a dark cloth with a tripod-mounted camera weighing several pounds; carefully exposing a sheet of film several inches in size. One then needs to develop the sheets in total darkness. To make my prints I must coat my paper with the cyanotype solution (see the process section of this website) the same way it has been done for over 160 years. There is no “Cyan” button on the back of my camera.

Now you must be asking yourself why you would want to do all that if you can just use a point and shoot. Firstly, unless you Photoshop something to death it does not look hand made. Even if you are good in Photoshop, it looks like it has been Photoshopped to death upon close inspection. Secondly, there is actual labor in making these prints. I personally feel that the sweat I put into each print makes it somehow an extension of myself. It is a feeling I can not achieve with my DSLR.

Next comes the question that has required the most thought in order to to put it into words. Why Cyanotypes of Holyoke? My original reasoning was “It looks cool.” but I began to ask myself “Why does it look cool?” I finally came to the conclusion that Holyoke’s past, present, and future are all blue – like these prints. Holyoke was born on the blue waters of the Connecticut River. The waters of the canals powered our city through its heyday. Blue is the mood of so many of the grand structures that are in terrible repair and in danger of being lost – and those that have been lost. Blue also represents hope, and reminds us of happier times and ‘bluer skies’ in these cloudy days. Finally, blue is the city’s future, as technology looks to use our canals and water power once again. Blue as architects and historians discover the Victorian buildings that still survive, and tie our past into our present and future. I hope this collection of prints made in the early 21st century using 19th century technology helps bridge these eras of Holyoke’s birth with it’s hope for the future together.

Why a collection of cyanotypes of the City of Holyoke and the surrounding areas? It is a question I have been trying to put into words for several days now. On the surface the answer could be simple – most of my photography is of Holyoke and I have been experimenting with the process on and off for

several years now. That answer is superficial, however, and so I will describe why I like this process and why I think it fits this city so well.

I like working with a photographic technology that has changed very little in decades. Using large format cameras requires much more contemplation than a modern “Point and Shoot” digital camera. With a point and shoot camera you simply aim and shoot off a dozen or so images, in hopes that one turns out presentable. With a large format camera, one must take their time composing under a dark cloth with a tripod-mounted camera weighing several pounds; carefully exposing a sheet of film several inches in size. One then needs to develop the sheets in total darkness. To make my prints I must coat my paper with the cyanotype solution (see the process section of this website) the same way it has been done for over 160 years. There is no “Cyan” button on the back of my camera.

Now you must be asking yourself why you would want to do all that if you can just use a point and shoot. Firstly, unless you Photoshop something to death it does not look hand made. Even if you are good in Photoshop, it looks like it has been Photoshopped to death upon close inspection. Secondly, there is actual labor in making these prints. I personally feel that the sweat I put into each print makes it somehow an extension of myself. It is a feeling I can not achieve with my DSLR.

Next comes the question that has required the most thought in order to to put it into words. Why Cyanotypes of Holyoke? My original reasoning was “It looks cool.” but I began to ask myself “Why does it look cool?” I finally came to the conclusion that Holyoke’s past, present, and future are all blue – like these prints. Holyoke was born on the blue waters of the Connecticut River. The waters of the canals powered our city through its heyday. Blue is the mood of so many of the grand structures that are in terrible repair and in danger of being lost – and those that have been lost. Blue also represents hope, and reminds us of happier times and ‘bluer skies’ in these cloudy days. Finally, blue is the city’s future, as technology looks to use our canals and water power once again. Blue as architects and historians discover the Victorian buildings that still survive, and tie our past into our present and future. I hope this collection of prints made in the early 21st century using 19th century technology helps bridge these eras of Holyoke’s birth with it’s hope for the future together.

The Cyanotype Process

Anna Atkins Algee Print, 1842

Anna Atkins Algee Print, 1842

Pt. 1 A VERY BRIEF HISTORY
The Cyanotype is one of the oldest photographic printing methods and the first non-silver printing method. It was discovered in 1842 by English scientist Sir John Herschel just 18 years after Nicéphore Niépce made the first photograph, and 3 years after Louis Daguerre announced his new Daguerreotype process. The process was first used photographically by woman scientist Anna Atkins to illustrate her 1842 book on algae, making her both the first woman photographer and the first person to publish a book of photographs. The process was later modified slightly into the method used by architects and engineers to make Blueprints which was the only economical way to duplicate large drawings until the latter 20th century.

Pt. 2 THE PROCESS
The Cyanotype process is simple but requires some experimentation in order to master. The first thing needed to make a Cyanotype is a negative that is the same size as the print. In order to make an 8×10 image you need a negative that is actually 8×10 inches. I personally use what are called Large Format Cameras which produce negatives 4”x5” and larger. This allows me to skip steps such as making internegatives in a darkroom. Since none of my prints are enlarged it gives me a lot more detail that could not be reproduced otherwise. The scans seen on this website only begin to show the subtle beauty available when a print is seen in person. The next step is to mix up a solution of “Green Ferric Ammonium Citrate,” which is actually a food additive and contrast agent used in medicine, and “Potassium Ferricyanide”, which is safe because the cyanide has an extra iron molecule bonded to it. The only truly toxic chemical is the optional additive “Potassium Dichromate”, which can be used to control contrast.

Once you have those chemicals mixed up you need to coat them on some kind of material. I use inexpensive Bristol Board paper. I coat the paper using a simple foam brush. Once the first coat dries I add another. The often skipped second coating helps increase the depth of the blue color and even out any accidental runs in the first coat. Once the first coat is dry you can either expose your first print or gain some shelf life for the coated paper by storing it in a freezer.

Exposing the paper is done in a device known as a contact printing frame. The negative is placed between glass and a sheet of paper and then placed under some kind of UV Light source. I use a home made UV Light printer while many others simply use the sun. The paper is exposed between twenty minutes and an hour depending on how dense the negative is. The Cyanotpe is what is called a “Printing Out Process” which means that I can check the exposure visually. Once I have decided the paper is exposed enough I “develop” it in a solution of vinegar and water, then rinse it in running water until all traces of unexposed chemical stains wash away. Once the print is washed, I perform the optional step of placing the print in a weak solution of hydrogen peroxide to speed up the oxidation of the print. This is followed by a quick water wash. After drying for a day or so the print is ready to be enjoyed.

Pt. 3 CONCLUSIONS & LINKS
That is a very basic overview of the Cyanotype process and it is something I encourage every one to try. If you are interested in the process please see the links below, and feel free to email me with any questions you may have on the process.

http://www.alternativephotography.com/process_cyanotype.html

http://unblinkingeye.com/Articles/Cyano/cyano.html

http://www.apug.org

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cyanotype